Benign

What are the different symptoms of colorectal cancer ?

The colon is the allotment of the digestive arrangement area where the decay actual is stored. The rectum is the end of the colon adjoining the anus. Together, they anatomy a long, able-bodied tube alleged the ample civil (also accepted as the ample bowel).
Tumors of the colon and rectum are growths arising from the close bank of the ample intestine. Amiable tumors of the ample civil are alleged polyps. Annihilate tumors of the ample civil are alleged cancers. Amiable polyps do not access adjoining tissue or advance to added locations of the body. Amiable polyps can be calmly removed during colonoscopy and are not life-threatening. If amiable polyps are not removed from the ample intestine, they can become annihilate (cancerous) over time.
Most of the cancers of the ample civil are believed to develop from polyps. Blight of the colon and rectum (also referred to as colorectal cancer) can access and accident adjoining tissues and organs. Blight beef can as well breach abroad and advance to added locations of the physique (such as alarmist and lung) and new tumors form. The advance of colon blight to abroad organs is alleged alteration of the colon cancer. Once alteration has occurred in colorectal cancer, a complete cure of the blight is unlikely.
The abundance of colorectal blight varies about the world. It is accepted in the Western apple and is attenuate in Asia and Africa. In country areas, the humans accept adopted western diet, the accident of colorectal blight is increasing.

Symptoms of Colorectal cancer:
Cancer of the colon and rectum can display itself in several ways. If you accept any of these symptoms, seek actual medical help.
- You may apprehension bleeding from your rectum or claret alloyed with your stool.
- People frequently aspect all abdominal bleeding to hemorrhoids, appropriately preventing aboriginal analysis attributable to abridgement of affair over “bleeding hemorrhoids.”
- Abdominal bleeding may be hidden and abiding and may appear up as an adamant absence anemia.
- It may be associated with fatigue and anemic skin.
- It usually, but not always, can be detected through a begrimed abstruse (hidden) claret test, in which samples of stool are submitted to a lab for apprehension of blood.
- If the bump gets ample enough, it may absolutely or partially block your colon. You may apprehension the afterward affection of bowel obstruction:
- Abdominal pain: This is attenuate in colon cancer. One cause is disturbing (perforation) of the bowel. Leaking of bowel capacity into the abdomen can cause deepening (peritonitis) and infection.
- Unexplained, assiduous abhorrence or vomiting.
- Unexplained weight loss.
- Change in abundance or appearance of stool (bowel movements).
- Small-caliber (narrow) or ribbon-like stools.
- Sensation of abridged aborticide afterwards a bowel movement.
- Abdominal pain: Pain rarely occurs with colon blight and usually indicates a beefy bump in the rectum that may access surrounding tissue.
Studies advance that the boilerplate continuance of affection (from access to diagnosis) is 14 weeks. There is no affiliation amid all-embracing continuance of affection and the date of your tumor.

Serious condition that has the ability to announce a life-threatening condition:
As colorectal blight grows, the bank of the colon gets thicker and hardens, and the growing bump can block the colon, causing belly obstruction or breach of the belly bank and a life-threatening infection alleged peritonitis. Seek actual medical absorption (call 911) if you, or anyone you are with, accept any of these symptoms:
- Change in akin of activity or alertness, such as casual out or unresponsiveness.
- Heavy belly bleeding, or bloody, tremendous or abide stool.
- High agitation (higher than 101 degrees Fahrenheit).
- Severe belly pain.

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Melanoma – a type of skin cancer. What are causes, symptoms, risk factors and treatment?

Melanoma is a kind of skin cancer. Melanocytes are the cells present in skin. This type of cancer occurs when melanocytes starts growing rapidly and uncontrolled. Usually, its a skin disease but sometimes it may also occur in the bowel and eye. This skin cancer can appear on skin or begin as a mole.
Melanomas do not occur only in the areas that are exposed to sun, major area is skin. The most common site in men is the back and the most common site in women is the leg.

CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS OF MELANOMA

- Ultraviolet radiation.
- Ordinary moles that can become cancerous.
- Too many moles increases the risk of melanoma.
- Fair complexion increases the risk of melanoma.
- Family and personal history of melanoma.
- People who have weak immune system.
- People who have bad sunburn.
- Exposure to some harmful chemicals.

SYMPTOMS OF MELANOMA

- There is a change of color, shape, size of the mole.
- The shape of half is different from other half.
- The edges become rough.
- The edges become irregular.
- The color becomes very uneven.
- The size also changes.

TYPES OF MELANOMA

According to the appearance, melanoma is divided into different types:
- Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM)
- Melanoma caused by sun damaged skin of face, scalp and neck.
- Melanoma caused on soles of feet, palms of hands or under the nails.

Diagnosis is done by the doctor by doing a biopsy. After the diagnosis, staging is done which tells how thick is the tumor and how deeply it has affected the skin.

TREATMENT FOR MELANOMA

- The standard treatment for melanoma is surgery.
- Tumor along with the tissues surrounding it are removed so that the chances of tumor spreading is decreased.
- The thickness of the melanoma decides the extent of surgery.
- The doctor can also do radiation therapy, chemotherapy and medications or a combination of different methods.

Complication of melanoma may include damage to tissues, fatigue, nausea, weakness, pain and spread to other organs.

Oral cancer – causes and symptoms of this cancer.

Oral cancer has emerged as a major health problem. The oral cavity includes many parts: the lips; the lining inside the lips and cheeks, called the buccal mucosa; the teeth; the bottom (floor) of the mouth under the tongue; the front two-thirds of the tongue; the bony top of the mouth (hard palate); the gums; and the small area behind the wisdom teeth.
The cancer arises from the cells which line the oral cavity. Oral cancer is part of a group of cancers called head and neck cancers. Oral cancer can develop in any part of the oral cavity or oropharynx.

Causes and Risk Factors of Oral Cancer

- Tobacco is one of the main cause of oral cancer. Tobacco smoke and tobacco juice contain more than 60 proven carcinogens which irritate the lining of the oral cavity and cause cancer.
- Habitual use of paan which contains beetel nut and lime can cause cancer even if tobacco is not present.
- Alcohol is another important cause that enhances the carcinogenic effect of tobacco when used together.
- Other factors include infection with human papillomavirus, poor oral hygiene, excessive exposure to sunlight, vitamin deficiencies.

Symptoms of Oral Cancer

- Bleeding in the mouth.
- Difficulty chewing or swallowing.
- Difficulty moving the jaw or tongue.
- A sore on the lip or in the mouth that does not heal.
- A lump on the lip or in the mouth or throat.
- A white or red patch on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth.
- Loose teeth.
- Change in voice.
- Pain in ear.
- Hoarseness, chronic sore throat, or change in voice.
- In some cases, weight loss.
- Numbness, loss of feeling, or pain/tenderness in any area of the face, mouth, or neck.
- Swallowing can become a problem.

The red patches have higher possibility of becoming cancer. If these lesions are identified early and removed, the chances of developing cancer are very low. In certain patients, large areas of oral cavity may have premalignant lesions making surgical removal difficult.