Archive for the ‘Glucose’ category

Autonomic Neuropathy

January 3rd, 2010

Autonomic neuropathy affects the nerves that control the heart, regulate blood pressure, and control blood glucose levels. Autonomic neuropathy also affects other internal organs, causing problems with digestion, respiratory function, urination, sexual response, and vision.

Symptoms vary depending on the nerve(s) affected. They usually develop gradually over years.
- Digestive tract :
* Constipation
* Diarrhea
* Feeling full after only a few bites (early satiety)
* Nausea after eating
* Swollen abdomen
* Unintentional loss of more than 5% of body weight
* Vomiting of undigested food
- Heart :
* Sensation of what is going on in the heart is blunted.
* Blood pressure changes with position.
* Dizziness that occurs when standing up.
* Lacking oxygen, the heart feels pained, a condition called angina. But a diabetic may not feel anything, or realize anything is wrong.
- Urinary tract :
* Difficulty beginning to urinate.
* Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying.
* Urinary incontinence (overflow incontinence).
- Other symptoms :
* Abnormal sweating
* Fainting
* Heat intolerance, induced by exercise
* Male impotence
Occasionally, other symptoms may indicate a problem in the function of the autonomic nervous system, including:
* Difficulty swallowing
* Excessive sweating
* Irregular heart rhythms
* High blood pressure
* Rapid or slow heart rate

Treatment is supportive and may need to be long-term. Several treatments may be attempted before a successful one is found.
* Florinef and salt tablets to increase fluid volume in blood vessels.
* Fludrocortisone or similar medications to reduce postural hypotension.
* Medications to help with salt and fluid retention.
* Proamatine to prevent a drop in blood pressure when standing.
* Sleeping with the head raised.
* Use of elastic stockings.
Treatments for reduced gastric motility include:
* Medications that increase gastric motility (such as Reglan).
* Sleeping with the head raised.
* Small, frequent meals.

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Posted in Alcohol, Blood Sugar, Diabetes, Glucose, Heart, Treatment, causes, cure, growth, health, help in diabetes heart strokes blood-pressure etc., pain, symtoms

Peripheral Neuropathy

January 3rd, 2010

Peripheral neuropathy, also called distal symmetric neuropathy or sensorimotor neuropathy, is nerve damage in the arms and legs. Your feet and legs are likely to be affected before your hands and arms.
Peripheral neuropathy is dangerous. Individuals with it can injure their foot and not know it. This leads to foot infections, a dreaded complication of diabetics as it often leads to amputation.

SYMPTOMS :
* numbness or insensitivity to pain or temperature.
* a tingling, burning, or prickling sensation.
* sharp pains or cramps.
* extreme sensitivity to touch, even light touch.
* loss of balance and coordination.

TREATMENT :
- Vitamin deficiencies can be corrected.
- Diabetes can be controlled, although control may not reverse the neuropathy.
- Neuropathies that are associated with immune diseases can improve with treatment of the autoimmune disease.
- Neuropathy caused by nerve entrapment can be treated by physical therapy, injections or surgery.
- Prompt treatment with sympathetic injections can minimize the chance of shingles progressing to post herpetic neuralgia.

IMPORTANT :
Another problem with a peripheral neuropathy is pain, which can be severe. It is usually worse in the evening or night, and can be particularly bothersome because it interferes with sleep. Never try narcotics for this pain; many options for pain relief are available, but all are medications that must be prescribed by your doctor. They work by altering the chemistry within the nerve, particularly that which causes pain. These drugs include some of the older anti-depressants (in small doses), anti-seizure medications, and drugs that are sometimes used for rhythm disturbances of the heart. Creams containing capsaicin also help certain individuals. Any of these treatments take weeks to have an initial effect.
Weakness and unsteadiness of the arms or legs can be a problem. When severe, the muscles of the hands waste away and the ability to use the fingers is impaired.

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Posted in Blood Sugar, Diabetes, Glucose, Treatment, Vitamin, Vitamins, causes, health, pain, symtoms

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Normal Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes

October 13th, 2009

Fasting : 80-120 mg/dl
Pre-meal : Less than 130 mg/dl
Post-meal(PP) : Less than 160 mg/dl
A diabetic should strive to maintain his/her blood sugar level as close to normal level as possible.

Low Blood Sugar
Insulin or pills help to control diabetes but can sometimes cause low blood sugar, especially during/after exercise if you :
- Skip a meal.
- Eat late meals.
- Do not eat enough.
- Take too much medication.

If you have low blood sugar, you may feel shaky or dizzy, sweaty irritable, hungry or tired. In such conditions, it is important to eat or drink something sweet right away. Consult your doctor immediately.

High Blood Sugar
In general, high blood sugar is defined as plasma glucose above 126 mg/dl fasting and above 200 mg/dl after meals. If your blood sugar remains high for long periods of time, it can cause significant short term and long term complications as mentioned. It is therefore important to keep your blood sugar under control by creating a balance between lifestyle modifications and medications such as pills or insulin.

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Posted in Blood Sugar, Diabetes, Glucose

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