Stop the bleeding:
- The first thing to do (after admonishing yourself for being so clumsy) is to stop the bleeding.
- Apply pressure to the area with a clean cloth or tissue.
- Elevate the wound above the heart to slow the blood flow.
- Don’t use a tourniquet as it cuts off circulation.

Wash up:
- Clean it thoroughly with soap and water or an over-the-counter cleanser.
- Hibiclens is one of them and that doesn’t sting.
- Pour hydrogen peroxide onto the wound, if it is very dirty.
- As it bubbles, it will lift out debris.
- Apply it carefully, because hydrogen peroxide can damage surrounding skin.

Bring on the antibacterial ointment:
- Antibacterial ointments and solutions are helpful.
- Polysporin, Neosporin, and Bactine are examples.

Clean with iodine:
- Use a tincture of iodine or povidone-iodine for minor cuts and bruises.
- Iodine kills bacteria and viruses effectively.

Close the skin:
- Properly closing the skin is important.
- Closing makes the cut heal faster.
- It also reduces the chances of scarring.
- Apply butterfly strips or a standard adhesive bandage to keep the cut closed.

Cover it:
- Use Telfa, a coated, gauze-type bandage instead of a guage that tends to stick to the wound.
- Don’t cover it too tightly.
- A bit of air circulation actually facilitates healing.

Keep it clean:
- Remove the bandage and wash the wound every day with soap and water.
- This will prevent infection.
- Then apply a clean bandage.

Don’t let it dry out:
- Keep the wound moist.
- This will help prevent cracking, speed healing, and reduce the chance of scarring.

If a scab forms, don’t pick at it:
- This disrupts the skin and can introduce bacteria.
- Soak crusty scabs with a solution of one tablespoon white vinegar to one pint of water.
- The mildly acidic solution is soothing and helps kill bacteria.

At night, keep the wound moist with a water/petrolatum regimen
Cover the wound with a little petroleum jelly (such as Vaseline) to seal in the moisture.

Don’t get locked up:
- Consider having a tetanus shot within 72 hours.

Protect it from sunlight:
- Avoid sun exposure during the healing process.
- Apply over-the-counter hydrocortisone to the wound.

The following vitamin and mineral supplements are recommended to aid in rapid healing:
- Beta-carotene. Take 25,000 international units a day.
- Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). Take 50 milligrams a day
- Vitamin C. Take 3,000 to 5,000 milligrams a day.
- Vitamin E. Take 400 international units a day
- Zinc. Take 50 to 100 milligrams a day.

Different Home Remedies
- Cover the cut with a mixture of zinc oxide cream and vitamin-E oil.
- Calendula gel or ointment stimulates fast healing at the skin’s surface.
- Clove oil is high in eugenol, a compound that is both an antiseptic and a painkiller.
- You can sprinkle powdered cloves on a cut to prevent infection.
- Comfrey roots and leaves contain allantoin, which stimulates cell division and speeds wound healing.
- It also avoids scar formation.
- Echinacea is also Commission E-approved as a topical treatment for superficial cuts.
- This herb has powerful immune-stimulating properties.
- Drink a cup of echinacea tea three to four times a day to strengthen your immune system to speed healing.
- Goldenseal contains several antiseptic compounds.
- Apply a poultice of crushed goldenseal root to any minor cuts.
- Yarrow is excellent for stopping bleeding.
- Sprinkle powdered yarrow extract onto the cut.
- A great home remedy for cuts is turmeric powder.
- This can be applied to a cut to promote healing and prevent infection.
- Wash the cut thoroughly and then put garlic oil or crushed garlic on a band aid.
- Washing the cut or scrape with soap, dose it with vitamin E oil, aloe vera gel or cod liver oil.
- Use cayenne pepper to stop the bleeding of cuts and scratches.
- Wash the wound with a good soap. Then apply a thick layer of Vaseline.
- Yarrow leaves and flowers have been used for their blood-clotting, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving qualities.

There are a number of herbal first-aid creams available:
- Calendula in echinacea-and-comfrey combinations
- Calendula blended with white sage
- Elder flower, and chickweed;
- Calendula mixed with goldenseal propolis and myrrh.

- Asthma
When the symptoms of asthma like wheezing, chest tightness, coughing, breath shortness worsens until he / she is unable to speak more than four words, blueness around lips and reliever medication is ineffective, person should be admitted to the emergency room in which he would be put on a nebuliser in which oxygen is directly delivered to the lungs. Oxygen mask can also be used.

- Heart Attack
Symptoms of heart attack include pain across chest, arms, jaws or neck and it does not lessen with rest, nausea, vomiting, difficulty in breathing, rapid weak and irregular pulse. Move to an emergency room and on the way to hospital chew a 160mg aspirin to stop clumping of blood platelets. In an emergency room, ECG is done and blood studies are done. Intravenous nitroglycerine reduces heart’s oxygen need and improves coronary circulation. The chance of death is halved if you reach in first hour.

- Fractures
When a fracture is suspected, pain worsens with the movement, that particular area swells, a limb is crooked. Transport to an emergency room very carefully. In the emergency room, x-ray of the limb is done and broken bone ends are treated.To relieve pain, a muscle relaxant is given. The area is immobilized with plaster cast or splint.

- Internal Bleeding
Sometimes, there is internal bleeding after an injury. Symptoms are pale and clammy skin, rapid weak pulse, shallow and rugged breathing, fainting, swelling, pain and tenderness. While you are waiting for ambulance to go to an emergency room, raise the legs and cover with blanket and do not offer an food or water. In an emergency room, the person is diagnosed and then treated.

- Diabetes
Sometimes, the blood sugar falls below 50 because of delayed and missed meals, sudden vigorous activities, irregular medications. It results in blurred vision, numbness, paleness, headaches, unconsciousness, tingling in lips and and fingers. When a person is admitted to an emergency room, the IV fluids are administered.

- Poison
Induce vomiting if poison is not in the form of kerosene, gasoline, turpentine, cleaning fluid, insect sprays. In an emergency room, urine and blood tests are done to identify the poison and specific antidotes are suggested.

- Urinary Retention
Sometimes a person has a full bladder but they could not urinate. When you are admitted to an emergency room, a catheter is inserted to allow the person to empty the bladder.

- Heat Exhaustion
It can hit you in a hot, noisy, smoke filled disco or pub resulting in loss of electrolytes. In an emergency room, patient is pumped with IV fluids to revive the blood pressure.

- If you are bleeding, you should always use a towel or panty liner so you can control how much you are bleeding and the type of bleeding you are experiencing.
- Never use a tampon or introduce anything else in the area of the vagina as a douche or sexual intercourse if you are experiencing bleeding.
- If you are also experiencing any of the other symptoms mentioned below in connection with a possible complication, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately.

The time period of the bleeding can be:
- The first trimester bleeding is vaginal bleeding during the first 3 months of pregnancy. Vaginal bleeding can vary from light spotting to severe bleeding with clots. Vaginal bleeding is a common problem in early pregnancy, complicating 20-30% of all pregnancies.
- Any vaginal bleeding during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (last 6 months of a 9-month pregnancy) is abnormal.
- Bleeding from the vagina after 28 weeks of pregnancy is a true emergency. Bleeding can range from very mild to very quickly and may or may not be accompanied by abdominal pain. Haemorrhage (another word for bleeding) is the most common cause of maternal death in the United States. It complicates 4% of all pregnancies.

Causes:
Many women have a certain amount of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. Some studies show that up to 30% of pregnant women experience some degree of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is more common in twins and other multiple pregnancies than singleton pregnancies.

Sometimes women experience very little amount of bleeding in the first two weeks of pregnancy, usually around the time of the expected menstrual period. This light bleeding is sometimes referred to as “implantation bleeding.” Doctors do not know for sure what causes this bleeding, but can occur as a result of a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterine wall.

The amount of bleeding, the stage of pregnancy, and any associated symptoms can help determine the cause of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. While vaginal bleeding during pregnancy does not mean a problem with the pregnancy, women who experience bleeding during pregnancy should always be evaluated by a physician.

Treatment:
Drugs for treatment of irregular vaginal bleeding depend on the cause. Examples are described below:
- If the cause of bleeding is the lack of ovulation (anovulation), doctors may prescribe either progesterone to be taken at regular intervals, or an oral contraceptive containing progesterone for proper hormone balance. This treatment dramatically decreases the risk of uterine cancer in women who do not ovulate.

- If the cause of irregular vaginal bleeding is a precancerous change in the lining of the uterus, progesterone drugs can be prescribed to reduce the accumulation of pre-cancerous tissue lining the uterus in an attempt to avoid surgery.

- When a woman has not menstruated for less than six months, the cause may be the menopausal transition. During this transition, a woman is sometimes offered an oral contraceptive to establish a more regular bleeding pattern to provide complete contraception until menopause, and to relieve hot flashes.

- If the cause of irregular vaginal bleeding is benign polyps or other tumors, they are sometimes removed surgically to control bleeding, and can not be treated with medication.

- If the cause of bleeding is infection, antibiotics are necessary. Bleeding during pregnancy requires urgent evaluation by an obstetrician. Endometriosis can be treated with medication and / or surgery.

- Sometimes, the cause of excessive bleeding is not evident after the completion of the test (dysfunctional uterine bleeding). In these cases, oral contraceptives may improve cycle control and reduce bleeding.

Habitat:-
Yellow dock is native to Europe and parts of Africa. Usually, it is considered a weed problem, it is most commonly found in open areas where the soil is disturbed frequently, such as fields, roadsides, waterways and landfills.

Nutritional role:-
The active ingredient of yellow dock is anthraquinone glycosides, which works as a mild laxative to stimulate bile production and help poor digestion.

Uses and Benefits:-
- The taproot of plant is commonly used in herbal remedies as it is rich in compounds that have cleanliness and calm qualities, as well as minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium and phosphorus.
- The dock contains a number of anthraquinones, including emodins, which are known for their laxative action. Although small doses of yellow dock can be used as an herbal remedy to treat diarrhea, higher doses actually cause diarrhea. The herb acts to stimulate peristalsis and increase mucus production and secretion of water into the colon, thus relieving the discomfort associated with constipation.
- This herb has diuretic properties, making it a natural remedy for water retention, inflammation of the gallbladder and urinary stones.
- Both laxative and diuretic properties of cow tongue make this herb a natural cleanser. The toxins are expelled from the system through urine and feces. Yellow dock has been used to clean the circulatory system, liver, spleen, kidneys and bladder. It is often mixed with cleansing herbs such as burdock, red clover, and dandelion or to remove toxins from the body and clear the way for the healing of primary enforcement such as acne, boils, eczema, psoriasis and fungal infections.
- Yellow dock is a traditional remedy for menstrual pain and heavy bleeding. It is also useful for unbalanced cycles. This herb has also been reported to increase fertility.
- When preparing a poultice, it has a calming effect. It is used for boils and burns, and skin problems like eczema weeping, psoriasis, hives, boils and abscesses. It has even been used as an herbal remedy in the treatment of syphilis and other venereal diseases, outbreaks of skin as it relieves itching and inflammation.
- The narrow dock contains antibacterial compound, rumicin which makes this herb a natural remedy for the treatment of bacterial infections of Escherichia, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and Bacillus.
- This herb has also been used in the treatment of Anthrax, anorexia, cancer, chronic fatigue syndrome, common cold, pain, depression, fever, general weakness or loss of strength, headache, hepatitis, cholesterol high, leprosy, malaria, menopause, mental stupor, mouth sores, oral hygiene, ringworm, and tuberculosis.

Precautions:-
Yellow dock contains oxalates and therefore should not be overused, especially for those prone to rheumatism, arthritis, gout, kidney stones and hyperacidity. Overuse can cause dermatitis and nausea, and the use of yellow dock for too long can cause difficulty to defecate without the use of a laxative or a low level of potassium in the body. Talk to your doctor before taking yellow dock if you have a bowel obstruction or bowel or have had kidney stones.

- Golden rod is used for healing wounds and bruises. The application of golden rod on bruises or wounds treats them effectively and the application is also helpful in reducing rashes and irritations persisting on the skin.
- Golden rod acts as an anti inflammatory agent and helps to relieve the inflammations caused due to problems like arthritis, cystitis, and urethritis. Usually golden rod is used in combination with Echinacea to treat the problems like cystitis and nephritis.
- Many skin related problems can be treated with the help of golden rod. Eczema, acne, cuts, burns, dermatitis, and gout or any other skin problem is easily treated by golden rod plant.
- Golden rod plant has diuretic properties. As a diuretic golden rod plant helps to stimulate the urination process in a person resulting in the elimination or removal or numerous health problems.
- Many respiratory problems are treated using golden rod plant. The problems related to upper respiratory system like over existence of mucus and postnasal drips are effectively treated by golden rod. It is an effective medicine for cold, flu and laryngitis.
- It is very beneficial for kidney problems like kidney stones and many other problems which can severely damage the kidneys.
- The bioflavonoids present in the golden rod plant are beneficial for the proper functioning of various veins and capillaries present in the human body. It strengthens the fragile capillaries and is useful for veins which are varicose.
- Golden rod plant has properties which act like an anti fungal agent, therefore, preventing any types of fungal infections from affecting the body.
- Cancer and tumors can be treated with the help of golden rod plant as it has some properties of an anti tumor agent. It is mainly effective for treating prostate tumors.
- Flatulence and other digestive disorders can be treated well by golden rod plant. It also helps in stimulating the appetite of a person and helps get relief from cramps, diarrhea and colic.
- Sore throat can be treated by taking medication through golden rod plant. Any infection related to the throat or mouth is treated by golden rod.
- Golden rod plant is very effective on problems like cicatrization of ulcers and amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. Mainly the infusion of golden rod plant is used for treating these problems and the same infusion may be used for treating patients suffering from diphtheria.
- Dental problems like bleeding gums, tooth ache and many others can be treated effectively with the use of golden rod plant.
- Internal bleeding, menstrual problems in women can be relieved by golden rod. The intake of tea containing golden rod is very beneficial for treating menstrual related problems like irregular periods and menstrual cramps.
- Diabetic patients can use golden rod to maintain the blood sugar level and the production of insulin from the pancreas. As it is a diuretic therefore it also washes out extra sugar from the urine also.
- Golden rod plant also contains components which provide energy to the body and hence treat the fatigue feeling and chronic exhaustion in a person.

SYMPTOMS OF COLON CANCER

Symptoms in early stages of cancer are difficult to find. Early symptoms found are:
- Bleeding in the back passage.
- Difficulty in bowel movements.
- Constipation.
- Diarrhea: If it continues for more than 3 weeks, it can be a sign of colon cancer.
- Bowel cancer.
- Loss of appetite
- Loss of weight.

The most common symptom of colon cancer is difficulty in bowel movement especially urgency of emptying the bowel more frequently, severe abdominal pain, anemia, weakness and tiredness. If the cancerous growth starts blocking the large intestine, the patient can experience recurring waves of pain in the lower abdomen.

CAUSES OF COLON CANCER

Nothing specific cause has been observed. Couple of causes can be:
- Healthy cells in colon become altered, cells continue dividing even when new cells aren’t needed. This growth of cells cause precancerous cells to form in the lining of your intestine.
- Inherited gene mutations don’t make cancer inevitable, but they can increase an individual’s risk of cancer significantly.

RISK FACTORS OF COLON CANCER

- African American race.
- Old age.
- Personal history of colorectal cancer.
- Family history.
- Low-fiber, high-fat diet.
- Obesity, Smoking, Diabetic, Alcohol and a sedentary lifestyle.

A less common type of nosebleed involves heavy bleeding that flows down the back of the throat and sometimes out of a nostril. These posterior nosebleeds are more likely to occur in older adults with conditions such as high blood pressure, which can damage blood vessels.
A posterior nosebleed requires a trip to the emergency department. Doctors may try to stop the bleeding by inserting packing material deep into the nostrils. If it does not work, surgery may be needed to tie off the bleeding vessel. Posterior and recurring anterior nosebleeds may require a follow-up exam to look for underlying problems such as uncontrolled high blood pressure, a bleeding disorder or a tumor.

CAUSES AND SYMPTOMS OF MENSTRUAL PERIOD

- Anxiety
- Stress
- Depression
- Smoking
PREMENSTRUAL TENSION AND MENSTRUAL CRAMPS
Few days before the period starts, some women face:
- nervous
- irritable
- mood swings
- depression
- headaches
- insomnia
- swelling in abdomen
- bloating
- sometimes constipation
These symptoms cease within twenty four hours of the start of the menstrual flow.
EXCESSIVE MENSTRUAL FLOW OR MENORRHAGIA
- Fibroids may cause excessive menstrual flow.
STOPPAGE OF MENSTRUAL FLOW OR AMENORRHOEA
It is natural during pregnancy and at menopause. The main causes are :
- anemia
- fright, worry or any other emotional disturbance.
- tuberculosis
- womb malformation
- womb displacement
- debility
PAINFUL MENSTRUATION OR DYSMENORRHOEA
The pain is felt two or three days before or during the flow. Sometimes the pain starts a week before. Hormonal imbalance may also be a reason behind painful menstruation.

REMEDIES FOR MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS

- Boil cinnamon in milk and drink it on a daily basis. It helps in curing cramps.
- Beet root juice is a very good remedy during menstrual problems.
- Ginger boiled in water should be taken three times a day after meals.
- Blend and drink 75 milliliters of parsley, beet, carrot, and cucumber juices to reduce cramps.
- Basil possesses a pain-killing component called caffeic acid, which can bring relief to menstrual cramping.
- Half a teaspoon of powdered sesame seeds taken with hot water twice daily reduces pain during menstruation.
- Papaya helps the contraction of the muscle fibers of the uterus and secures a proper menstrual flow.
- One banana flower eaten with one cup of curd will reduce the bleeding and increase quantity of progesterone.
- Boil about six coriander seeds in 400 ml of water and then consume it to prevent excessive flow of blood.
- 90 gm of ashoka bark boiled in 30 ml of milk and 360 ml of water is boiled and reduced to about 90 gm. Take 2-3 doses in a day. It starts from fourth day of monthly period and continued till the bleeding is checked.
- Warm water hip bath is nice way to avoid menstrual pain.

DIETARY AND OTHER MEASURES

- Adopt a well balanced diet.
- Foods and supplements that are rich in B-vitamins, calcium, magnesium, and zinc have been found to reduce the pain, bloating and other symptoms of menstrual cramps.
- Maintain a regular exercise program.
- Avoid smoking.
- White flour, sugar, confectionery, cakes, pickles should be avoided.
- Drink hot liquids like herbal tea.
- Relieve your cramps with peppermint or wintergreen, especially when added to a tea.
- Treat menstrual cramping by taking an aspirin or another product containing acetaminophen.
- Place a hot water bottle on your stomach to relieve cramps.

CAUSES OF PILES

- Chronic constipation.
- Bowel disorders.
- Straining in order to evacuate the constipated bowels, and the pressure that is caused on the surrounding veins.
- Prolonged periods of standing or sitting.
-Strenuous work.
- Obesity.
- Weak tissues.
- Stress and mental tension.
- Heredity
- Frequent diarrhea.
- Lifting heavy weights.
- Excessive intake of spicy and heavy food.
- Piles are more common in pregnancy and in conditions affecting liver and upper bowel.
- Low fiber diet.

SYMPTOMS OF PILES

- Bleeding in case of internal trouble.
- Pain in passing stools.
- Soreness.
- Irritation.
- Problem in sitting for a long time due to itching and discomfort.
- Pain in rectal region.
- Anemia due to profuse bleeding.
- Wind formation.

REMEDIES TO CURE PILES

- Radish juice should be taken regularly at least half a cup.
- Soak 3-4 dry figs in water after washing them in hot water. Drink the water and eat the figs the fist thing in the morning. They should be taken in the evening and continue this for three or four weeks.
- Boil 1 ripe banana in 1 cup of milk, mash well. Take 3-4 times a day.
- One and half to two grams of dried and powdered mango seeds should be consumed twice daily with or without honey.
- Eat jambul fruit with salt every morning for two or three months during its season.
- The juice of turnip leaves should be taken to cure this disease.
- Three tsp of bitter gourd juice mixed with a glass of buttermilk should be taken every morning.
- Half tsp of ginger juice mixed with half a tsp of fresh lime juice and fresh mint juice plus a tbsp of honey should be taken.
- Add 60 grams of water in 30 grams of grounded onion and take it twice in a day.
- Rice gruel with a glass of buttermilk is good for piles.
- Grounded sesame seeds can be given with butter for bleeding piles.

DIET FOR PILES

- The digestive tract should be given complete rest for few days.
- Patient should adopt an all fruit diet for at least seven days.
- Adopt a diet of natural foods.
- Foods which contain less fat are skimmed milk, buttermilk, curd and cottage cheese made from skimmed milk; all vegetables except cabbage, onions, dried beans and peas; cooked and dried cereals, fruits and fruit juices.
- Papaya, musk melon, apple and pear; green vegetables, particularly spinach and radish, wheat, porridge, whole meal cereals and milk should be taken.

Symptoms of Cervical Cancer

Early cervix cancer generally produces no signs or symptoms. But, as the cancer grows, symptoms may include :
- Abnormal bleeding.
- Unusual heavy discharge : It may be foul smelling, watery, thick, or contain mucus. It varies from woman to woman.
- Bleeding after sexual intercourse, douching, or a pelvic exam.
- Menstrual periods that last longer and are heavier than before.
- Pelvic pain and pain during sex.
- Pain during urination.
- Bleeding between regular menstrual periods.