There are different types of eczema like
- Atopic eczema
- Allergic contact dermatitis
- Irritant contact dermatitis
- Infantile seborrhoeic eczema
- Adult seborrhoeic eczema
- Varicose eczema
- Discoid eczema

Home Remedies for Eczema

Different types of cleansing
19. Herbal Cleansing
- Using herbs to gently purify the digestive and elimination systems of the body.

20. Fasting
- This gives your body and digestion a chance to rest.
- Most people do a vegetable juice fast or a raw vegetable and fruit fast.
- Some brave souls have done water fast but this is more intense and draining for the body.

21. Colonics
- This is a procedure done by a trained professional.
- The professional irrigates the colon with water.
- This helps to release toxins and impurities that may be lodged in the walls of the colon.

22. Water is nature’s #1 natural remedy for eczema
- Drink more water to cleanse and hydrate your body and keep your skin moist and supple.
- Take a steam bath to open pores and hydrate your skin.
- Be sure to moisturize afterwards.
- Use cold compresses to relieve the pain, stinging and itching of eczema inflammations.
- Wrap your skin in a cotton towel that is wetted with cool water to help soothe arms or legs that have a lot of eczema inflammations.

23. Other Home remedies
- Wear cotton clothes, to allow your skin to breathe more easily.
- Some people have found mudpacks to be very effective in treating eczema.
- Another method sometimes used to heal eczema is with light therapy.
- Taking a sun bath is another method.
- Moisturize your skin regularly.
- Use a good hypoallergenic moisturizer.

24. Some homemade pastes and solutions
- Apply a mixture of 1 teaspoon camphor and 1 teaspoon sandalwood paste on the rashes.
- Apply nutmeg paste to the affected areas.
- Put natural vitamin E on the affected skin.
- Zinc taken orally and applied directly on the affected skin is effective.
- Both shark cartilage and lotion of blueberry leaves reduce inflammation.
- Use pine tar soap to wash the affected skin.
- Drink tomato juice daily, it will cure the symptoms in a few days.

25. Homemade Lotion
- Make a lotion out of crushed dandelion leaves, spearmint leaves, and a few drops of oil.
- Apply this lotion to your skin and allow it to remain on for at least 30 minutes before rinsing it off with cold water.
- This can act as an effective eczema cure.

26. Cleansing Scrub
- Make a cleansing scrub by soaking a handful of nuts in a small quantity of water.
- Blend these nuts along with half an avocado as avocados contain healthy oils that help to protect and moisturize your skin.
- Massage your skin gently with this creamy natural exfoliating paste.
- You can then allow it to remain on your skin for about 10 minutes before you rinse it off.
- You can add a few drops of fresh lemon juice to this paste to help cleanse your skin of the uppermost layer of dead skin cells.

27. Papaya paste
- Another useful and easily available ingredient for eczema treatment would be papaya.
- Mashed papaya seeds can be applied to the areas of skin that are affected to reduce the itchiness.

There are different types of eczema like
- Atopic eczema
- Allergic contact dermatitis
- Irritant contact dermatitis
- Infantile seborrhoeic eczema
- Adult seborrhoeic eczema
- Varicose eczema
- Discoid eczema

Home Remedies for Eczema

Healing, natural oils are one of the best home remedies for eczema.
8. Olive Oil
- Due to high amounts of Vitamin E present in olive oil it can manage eczema.
- It restores the lost moisture on the damaged area.
- It helps in relieving the dry, scaly and thickened skin.
- Apply olive oil on the area after taking a bath in order to retain the moisture for long periods of time.

9. Emu oil
- This oil is one of the best and most promising eczema home remedies
- It has many potent natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that are perfect for eczema symptoms.
- The oil is soothing and will not clog your pores.
- It provides fast relief for inflammation, itching, cracked and burning skin.
- Emu oil is used on facial skin for diminishing scars and wrinkles on the skin.

10. Jojoba oil
- It is a light, non greasy and a versatile eczema home remedy.
- It will not clog your pores.
- It is used on facial skin.
- It can clear up a rash overnight.

11. Coconut Oil
- This oil is a rich, delightful natural oil.
- Use virgin, unrefined coconut oil for best results.
- This can also be used as an overnight moisturizer for hair.

12. Evening Primrose Oil
- This oil when taken internally in high doses has been known to reduce eczema symptoms.
- This can be expensive.
- Try a good quality essential fatty acid supplement instead.

13. Healing foods
Strengthen your immune system and reduce eczema symptoms by having proper food.
- A paste of raw strawberries applied to your eczema can reduce the pain, redness and inflammation.
- Apply directly to your face include cabbage leaf and grated raw potatoes.
- Honey will reduce eczema symptoms.
- Eliminate high inflammation and allergy producing foods.
- These include sugar, chocolate, wheat, and dairy products.

14. Eat alkaline
- An abundance of vegetables and fruits in your diet is a must.
- Create an alkaline environment for your body that will reduce inflammation.
- Drinking fresh vegetable juices is GREAT for the skin.
- Raw tomato juice, raw carrot and spinach juices are said to be excellent.

15. Eat plenty of Essential Fatty Acids
- These are found naturally in walnuts, wild salmon and sardines.
- Omega 3 fish oil which is excellent quality, free of contaminants, is effective.

16. Eat plenty of foods with probiotics
- Foods like live culture yogurt and kefir are good.
- Supplement your diet with a good probiotics supplement.
- Probiotics will improve your digestion and strengthen your immune system.

17. Avoid Dairy Products
- Dairy products, eggs, nuts, preservatives and citrus fruits are more likely to trigger eczema.

18. Home remedies with Herbs
- Herbs are potent natural medicines that contain soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.
- They can reduce or eliminate your eczema symptoms.
- Some of the herbs are:
• Turmeric
• Nutmeg
• Basil
• Aloe Vera
• Ginger

Cleansing and Detoxification
- Start by drinking more pure water.
- You drink half your body weight in ounces.
- Eg: That means if you weigh 150 pounds, you should be drinking at least 75 ounces of water a day.
- Drink raw vegetable juices, made fresh in a juicer.
- This adds extra fiber to your diet.
- Drinking a simple mixture of apple cider vinegar, water and honey each day.

There are different types of eczema like
- Atopic eczema
- Allergic contact dermatitis
- Irritant contact dermatitis
- Infantile seborrhoeic eczema
- Adult seborrhoeic eczema
- Varicose eczema
- Discoid eczema

Eczema Symptoms
- Itching
- Redness on skin
- Dry and flaky skin
- Itchy blisters
- Inflammation on skin
- Small bumps on forehead, neck and cheek
- Rough and thickened skin.

Areas of the body that are affected:
- the face,
- neck,
- inner areas of the elbow,
- knees
- feet

Home Remedies for Eczema

1. Over the counter
- Moisturizing creams,
- Antihistamine creams,
- Topical corticosteroids
- Anti allergy drugs

2. Oatmeal Bath
- Apply an oatmeal bath on affected areas.
- This relieves itching and burning sensations almost instantly.
- You can also apply oatmeal bath immediately after you have the urge to start scratching.
- Scratching worsens the condition by increasing blood flow and inflammation in the area.
- An oatmeal bath gives the skin a soothing and moisturizing effect.
- This helps to cure the dryness of your skin.

3. Dandelion
- Dandelion is a herb commonly found in the back yard.
- This herb can be used to treat eczema and other skin diseases.
- It can be used as a remedy for other conditions such as hypertension, arthritis, warts and fungal infections.
- This multi healing herb comes in form of a juice, tea or capsules.

4. Chamomile & Which Hazel Oil
- Chamomile and witch hazel oils both possess anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties which can be used to treat eczema.
- This alleviates
• itching,
• eradicate rashes,
• reduce pain,
• redness,
• swelling
• prevent bacterial infection

5. Essential oils
- These oils target and eliminate all the symptoms of eczema.
- Just apply chamomile or witch hazel oils in adequate amounts on the affected areas.
- This will help you to experience quick and effective relief.

6. Tea Tree Oil
- Tea tree oil is another essential oil.
- It has been found to treat eczema as well.
- It contains terpenoids that act as an active antimicrobial agent.
- This helps to prevent or help treat bacterial infection.
- This essential oil also reduces inflammation when applied on skin.
- This helps by reducing any itching, scratching or burning.
- Tea tree oil has potent healing ability.
- Simply administer the oil topically along the affected areas.
- Crush the tea tree leaves and apply on the affected area as needed.

7. Sea Salt Bath
- Sea salt bath is a known skin exfoliant.
- It removes dead skin cells and rejuvenates damaged skin.
- It contains essential minerals that could soothe the pain and inflammation.
- It would also rehydrate the damaged skin.
- Mix the sea salt in warm water and apply it on the affected.

HOME REMEDIES FOR TREATING SKIN PROBLEMS

1. Aloe Vera
- Aloe Vera is used in its pure form as a skin softener and moisturizer.
- The gel, which is the fluid within the leaves, has been used for centuries to accelerate wound healing.
- It is a topical pain reliever.
- Aloe Vera to be very effective in the treatment of psoriasis, a relatively common condition that leads to itchy, red scaly patches on the skin and scalp.
- Aloe Vera has been used in the treatment of radiation ulcers, burns, and frostbite injuries in animals.
- Aloe Vera increases the blood supply to the second layer of skin, the dermis.
- This speeds healing by bringing in vital nutrients and removing dangerous toxins.
- Aloe Vera decreases tissue destruction after a burn
Arnica flower.
- Topical preparations are especially helpful for wound healing.
- It is effective as an analgesic (pain reliever), antiseptic and anti-inflammatory cream.
- This treatment is recommended for bruises and swelling due to trauma or surgery.
- It is also helpful in speeding the healing of simple skin abrasions, insect bites and for soothing joint pain.

2. Calendula flower
- It is used in the treatment of burns, bruises, skin infections, cuts and rashes.
- Compresses made with calendula tea are also useful.
- The tea can be used as a mouth rinse to treat painful lesions in the mouth.

3. Comfrey
- Both the roots and leaves of comfrey have been used for centuries to improve healing of cuts and bruises.
- It has also been useful as an anti-inflammatory for treatment of rashes.
- It is thought to promote healing of closed fractures when applied on the skin over the site of injury.
- Application over broken skin can lead to toxicity.
- Tea made from the comfrey leaf is also useful but should not exceed three cups per day.

4. The Tea Tree
- The leaves have been used for centuries as an antiseptic
- They were used in World War I as a disinfectant.
- The oil from the leaves has been harvested to treat cuts, insect bites and other common skin problems.
- The oil has been shown to kill both fungus and bacteria.
- Tea tree oil may be toxic and should never be taken by mouth.

5. Chamomile
- It has been used for thousands of years for treatment of various medical problems.
- Dried and fresh flowers made into a tea have been used for minor stomach upset.
- As an oral treatment, rinse to treat gingivitis and painful mouth lesions.
- It is used to improve wound healing and treat mild skin problems, such as itchy lesions, hives and sunburn.

6. Cayenne
- This spicy red pepper has been used for a multitude of medical problems such as high blood pressure, stomach ulcers, poor circulation, and lung and skin infections.
- There are many formulas that combine capsaicin with other herbal products to maximize antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.

7. Calaguala Fern and Pine Tar Products
- Calaguala fern is known for its use in dry, itchy skin and scalp problems, has been combined with pine tar.
- Skin creams, bath products, soaps, shampoos, and conditioners have been made from this combination.
- They are very helpful for dry, itchy skin and scalp problems.

8. Emu Oil
- Emu oil is great for cuts, bites, burns, and the itch of poison ivy.
- It promotes hair growth by rejuvenating skin and hair cells.

9. Flaxseed
- Flaxseed comes from the herb flax and contains those omega-3 essential fatty acids.
- These are necessary for the proper synthesis of immune and anti-inflammatory compounds.
- It is useful in the management of skin disorders such as eczema and psoriasis, which are associated with inflammatory processes.
- One to two tablespoons of cold-pressed flaxseed oil should be taken daily, preferably with other foods.

Home remedies for Swimmmer’s Ear

1. Rubbing Alcohol and White Vinegar
- Rinse ears using a cotton ball that is soaked in a mixture of half white vinegar and half rubbing alcohol.
- According to Dr. Emily Senay, a CBS medical correspondent, the vinegar can kill any bacteria lurking in the ear.
- The rubbing alcohol will dry out excess water.

2. Olive Oil
- Warm a few drops of extra virgin olive oil.
- Then place it in the ear.
- Cover with a cotton ball to prevent drainage.

3. Hot Compresses
- Hold a heating pad or warm cloth against the painful ear.
- The heat will help to evaporate excess water.
- It will then reduce pain in the ear.

4. Baby Oil
- Place two to three drops of baby oil into the ears prior to entering the water.
- This can help prevent swimmer’s ear.

5. Garlic Oil
- To reduce the inflammation, place two to three drops of garlic oil into the ear canal.
- This can also aid in healing and boost immunity.

6. Blow Dry
- Set your blow dryer to a low heat setting and gently blow into the ear.
- Hold the dryer at least 12 to 18 inches away from the ear.
- This should help eliminate any excess water in the ear.

7. Ear Plugs
- Consider using ear plugs made for swimmers when you are in the water.
- This will help prevent water from getting in the ear and causing irritation.

8. Apple cider vinegar
- Apple cider vinegar is an effective cure for otitis externa.
- Dilute apple cider vinegar with equal amounts of water and rubbing alcohol and put the solution in to the affected ear.
- Do this 2 times daily.
- It kills all bacteria and fungi.

Other additional Home Remedies
- Mix equal parts of white vinegar, water and hydrogen peroxide solution and put in to the affected ear.
- Application of hot compress on the affected ear reduces pain and soreness.
- Resting one’s ear against a heating pad with a towel in between gives immense relief.
- Cleansing one’s ear with a saline solution is another effective remedy
- Swimmers must take care not to jump into unclean water as it could contain bacteria.
- Care must be taken to wear a swimmer’s cap to avoid water from entering into the ear canal.
- Swimmers are advised not to poke into or scratch their ears.

Overview
- The word hepatitis comes from the Ancient Greek word hepar (root word hepat) which means ‘liver’, and the suffix Latin itis meaning inflammation.
- Its plural is hepatitides.
- This condition is recognized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ.
- This condition can progress to cirrhosis and fibrosis.
- Hepatitis may occur with limited or no symptoms.
- It often leads to jaundice, anorexia (poor appetite) and malaise.
- Hepatitis is acute when it lasts less than six months.
- It is chronic when it persists longer.
- A group of viruses known as the hepatitis viruses cause most cases of hepatitis worldwide.
- It can also be due to toxins (notably alcohol, certain medications, some industrial organic solvents and plants).
- It can also be due to other infections and autoimmune diseases.

How many types of hepatitis are there?
There are five main types of hepatitis that are caused by a virus, A, B, C, D, and E – plus types X and G.

Treatment for Hepatitis A
- There is no treatment specifically for hepatitis A.
- Doctor will advise the patient to abstain from alcohol and drugs during the recovery.
- The vast majority of patients with Hepatitis A will recover spontaneously.

Treatment for Hepatitis B
- A patient with Hepatitis B needs to rest.
- He will require a diet that is high in protein and carbohydrate.
- This is to repair damaged liver cells, as well as to protect the liver.
- The doctor may prescribe interferon.
- Interferon is an antiviral agent.

Treatment for Hepatitis C
- A patient with Hepatitis C will be prescribed pegylated interferon and ribavirin.

Treatment for Hepatitis D or E
- There is no effective treatment for either Hepatitis D or E.

Treatment for Non-Viral Hepatitis
- If the patient has non-viral hepatitis, the doctor needs to remove the harmful substance.
- It will be flushed out of the stomach by hyperventilation or induced vomiting.
- Patients with drug-induced hepatitis may be prescribed corticosteroids.

How to prevent Hepatitis A?
- Wash your hands with soap after going to the toilet.
- Only consume food that has just been cooked.
- Only drink commercially bottled water, or boiled water if you unsure of local sanitation.
- Only eat fruits that you can peel if you are somewhere where sanitation is unreliable.
- Only eat raw vegetables if you are sure they have been cleaned/disinfected thoroughly.
- Get a vaccine for Hepatitis A if you travel to places where hepatitis may be endemic.

How to prevent Hepatitis B?
- Tell the partner if you are a carrier or try to find out whether he/she is a carrier.
- Practice safe sex.
- Only use clean syringes that have not been used by anyone else.
- Do not share toothbrushes, razors, or manicure instruments.
- Have a Hepatitis B series of shots if you are at risk.
- Only allow well sterilized skin perforating equipment (tattoo, acupuncture, etc.).

How to prevent Hepatitis C?
- If you are infected do not let others share your toothbrush, razor, manicure equipment.
- If you are infected cover open wounds.
- Do not share needles, toothbrushes, or manicure equipment.
- If your skin is to be pierced, make sure equipment is well sterilized (tattoo, etc.).
- Go easy on the alcohol.
- Do not share drug equipment.

How to prevent Hepatitis D?
- Use the same guidelines as for Hepatitis B.
- Only a person who is infected with Hepatitis B can become infected with Hepatitis D.

How to prevent Hepatitis E?
- Do the same as you would to protect yourself from Hepatitis A infection.

How to prevent Alcoholic Hepatitis?
- Go easy on the alcohol, or abstain from consuming alcohol.

How to prevent Toxic/Drug Induced Hepatitis?
- Make sure you know about the lethal contents of all chemicals.
- Make sure the spray is not pointing at you.
- Make sure you wear protective gear.

Overview
- The word hepatitis comes from the Ancient Greek word hepar (root word hepat) which means ‘liver’, and the suffix Latin itis meaning inflammation.
- Its plural is hepatitides.
- This condition is recognized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ.
- This condition can progress to cirrhosis and fibrosis.
- Hepatitis may occur with limited or no symptoms.
- It often leads to jaundice, anorexia (poor appetite) and malaise.
- Hepatitis is acute when it lasts less than six months.
- It is chronic when it persists longer.
- A group of viruses known as the hepatitis viruses cause most cases of hepatitis worldwide.
- It can also be due to toxins (notably alcohol, certain medications, some industrial organic solvents and plants).
- It can also be due to other infections and autoimmune diseases.

How many types of hepatitis are there?
There are five main types of hepatitis that are caused by a virus, A, B, C, D, and E – plus types X and G.

How is Hepatitis diagnosed?
- A blood test is usually needed to determine if a person has hepatitis.
- It is also important to stay well hydrated by drinking lots of fluids.
- Hepatitis B and C can sometimes be treated with medications.
- Some forms of medication used to treat hepatitis C are only approved for use in adults.
- Although treatments for hepatitis B and C are becoming more effective.

Diagnosis of Hepatitis A (HAV)
- A blood test showing the presence of IgM anti-HAV in serum.
- It confirms the diagnosis of acute hepatitis A infection.
- Symptoms of this virus strain include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Diagnosis of Hepatitis B (HBV)
Acute HBV infection is diagnosed by a simple blood test detecting the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc IgM).

The following antibody variations can occur, each having a specific implication.

- Anti-HBs +:
Indicates individual has been vaccinated, has received immune globulin, is immune, or is an infant who has received antibodies from its mother.

- Anti-HBc +:
Indicates past or present infection and lasts indefinitely. Also may be detected in someone who has received immune globulin or an infant who has received antibodies from its mother.

- IgM anti-HBc +:
Indicates recent infection with HBV, usually within 4-6 months.

- HBeAg +:
Indicates active viral replication and high infectivity.

- HBsAg +:
Indicates acute or chronic HBV. Persistence for 6 months after acute infection indicates progression to chronic HBV.

Diagnosis of Hepatitis C (HCV)
- Infection by the hepatitis C virus can be determined by a blood test that detects HCV antibodies in the blood.
- This test is not a part of a routine physical
- People must ask their doctor for hepatitis C test
- If the initial test is positive, a second test should be done to confirm the diagnosis and liver enzymes (a blood test) should be measured.
- Anti-HCV (antibodies to the virus) may not be present in the first four weeks of infection
- HCV infection may be identified by the presence of anti-HCV in approximately 60% of people as early as 5-8 weeks after exposure.
- In some individuals HCV antibodies may not be detected for 5-12 months. HCV-RNA and RT-PCR tests can determine HCV presence in as little as 1-2 weeks.
- A liver biopsy can identify the type and degree of damage (and can determine the severity of the disease).
- The disease may gradually progress over a period of 10-40 years.

Diagnosis of Hepatitis D (HDV)
- A positive test for anti-HDV in a patient with acute hepatitis B indicates HBV/ HDV co-infection.
- Patients with chronic hepatitis B and a positive HDV test are super-infected.

Diagnosis of Hepatitis E (HEV)
- Testing for anti-HEV is usually reserved for returning travelers from the developing world in whom hepatitis is present.
- Other hepatitis viruses cannot be detected.
- Currently there is no treatment for HEV.

Overview
- The word hepatitis comes from the Ancient Greek word hepar (root word hepat) which means ‘liver’, and the suffix Latin itis meaning inflammation.
- Its plural is hepatitides.
- This condition is recognized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ.
- This condition can progress to cirrhosis and fibrosis.
- Hepatitis may occur with limited or no symptoms.
- It often leads to jaundice, anorexia (poor appetite) and malaise.
- Hepatitis is acute when it lasts less than six months.
- It is chronic when it persists longer.
- A group of viruses known as the hepatitis viruses cause most cases of hepatitis worldwide.
- It can also be due to toxins (notably alcohol, certain medications, some industrial organic solvents and plants).
- It can also be due to other infections and autoimmune diseases.

How many types of hepatitis are there?
There are five main types of hepatitis that are caused by a virus, A, B, C, D, and E – plus types X and G.
- Hepatitis A
This is caused by eating infected food or water.
- Hepatitis B
This is an STD (sexually transmitted disease).
- Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is usually spread through direct contact with the blood of a person who has the disease.
- Hepatitis D
Only a person who is already infected with Hepatitis B can become infected with Hepatitis D.
- Hepatitis E
A person can become infected by drinking water that contains HEV (Hepatitis E Virus).
- Hepatitis X
If hepatitis cannot be attributed to the viruses of hepatitis A, B, C, D, or E, it is called Hepatitis X.
- Hepatitis G:
This is a type of hepatitis caused by the Hepatitis G virus (HGV).

Causes of Hepatitis
- Non-viral infection
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- Alcoholic hepatitis
- Drug induced
- Other toxins
- Metabolic disorders
- Obstructive
- Autoimmune

What are the signs and symptoms of hepatitis?
The four main symptoms of hepatitis are:

1. Jaundice
- This is the classic symptom of hepatitis.
- This is an accumulation of a chemical called bilirubin in the body’s tissues.
- The liver usually processes this chemical as a waste product but during this condition it is not able to do that job.
- This chemical accumulates in the blood and starts to leak out into body tissue.
- When enough of this chemical accumulates it’s possible to see a yellow color in the skin, urine and especially around the whites of the eyes.

2. Loss of Appetite
- Loss of appetite is also called anorexia.
- It is often the first symptom of acute hepatitis.
- It is being replaced by nausea and vomiting on further progress

3. Fatigue
- Fatigue is a debilitating tiredness.
- It is a big source of frustration for people with liver disease.
- The liver is a vital organ in metabolizing and storing energy.
- When the liver is damaged, extreme weakness is common.

4. Muscle and Joint Aches
- Pain in the muscles and joints can last from days to weeks.
- These are more common in acute hepatitis than in chronic hepatitis.

Symptoms of Acute phase of Hepatitis
The initial phase of hepatitis is called the acute phase. The symptoms are like a mild flu, and may include:
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Mild fever
- Muscle or joint aches
- Nausea
- Slight abdominal pain
- Vomiting
- Weight loss

As the patient gets worse, these symptoms may follow:
- Circulation problems (only toxic/drug-induced hepatitis)
- Dark urine
- Dizziness (only toxic/drug-induced hepatitis)
- Drowsiness (only toxic/drug-induced hepatitis)
- Enlarged spleen (only alcoholic hepatitis)
- Headache (only toxic/drug-induced hepatitis)
- Hives
- Itchy skin
- Light colored feces, the feces may contain pus
- Yellow skin, whites of eyes, tongue (jaundice)

How many types of hepatitis are there?
There are five main types of hepatitis that are caused by a virus, A, B, C, D, and E – plus types X and G.
- Hepatitis A
This is caused by eating infected food or water.
- Hepatitis B
This is an STD (sexually transmitted disease).
- Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is usually spread through direct contact with the blood of a person who has the disease.
- Hepatitis D
Only a person who is already infected with Hepatitis B can become infected with Hepatitis D.
- Hepatitis E
A person can become infected by drinking water that contains HEV (Hepatitis E Virus).
- Hepatitis X
If hepatitis cannot be attributed to the viruses of hepatitis A, B, C, D, or E, it is called Hepatitis X.
- Hepatitis G:
This is a type of hepatitis caused by the Hepatitis G virus (HGV).

Acute Causes

1. Viral hepatitis:
- Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E.
- Yellow fever
- Adenoviruses
- Parvovirus B19

2. Non-viral infection
- Toxoplasma
- Leptospira
- Q fever
- Rocky mountain spotted fever
- Alcohol
- Toxins: Amanita toxin in mushrooms, carbon tetrachloride, asafetida
- Drugs: Paracetamol, amoxycillin, antituberculosis medicines, minocycline and many others (see longer list below).
- Ischemic hepatitis (circulatory insufficiency)
- Pregnancy
- Auto immune conditions, e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- Metabolic diseases, e.g., Wilson’s disease

Chronic Causes
Viral hepatitis:
- Hepatitis B with or without hepatitis D.
- Hepatitis C (neither hepatitis A nor hepatitis E causes chronic hepatitis).

Autoimmune Causes
- Alcohol
- Drugs
- Methyldopa
- Nitrofurantoin
- Isoniazid
- Ketoconazole

Heredity Causes
- Wilson’s disease.
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
- Primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis occasionally mimic chronic hepatitis.

Alcoholic Hepatitis Causes
- Long term alcohol consumption.
- Patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease.
- Alcoholic cirrhosis.

A large number of drugs can cause hepatitis:
- Agomelatine (antidepressant).
- Allopurinol.
- Amitriptyline (antidepressant).
- Amiodarone (antiarrhythmic).
- Atomoxetine.
- Azathioprine.
- Halothane (a specific type of anesthetic gas).
- Hormonal contraceptives.
- Ibuprofen and indomethacin (NSAIDs).
- Isoniazid (INH), rifampicin, and pyrazinamide (tuberculosis-specific antibiotics).
- Ketoconazole (antifungal).
- Loratadine (antihistamine).
- Methotrexate (immune suppressant).
- Methyldopa (antihypertensive).
- Minocycline (tetracycline antibiotic).
- Nifedipine (antihypertensive).
- Nitrofurantoin (antibiotic).
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen in the United States) can cause hepatitis when taken in an overdose. The severity of liver damage may be limited by prompt administration of acetylcysteine.
- Phenytoin and valproic acid (antiepileptics).
- Troglitazone (antidiabetic, withdrawn in 2000 for causing hepatitis).
- Zidovudine (antiretroviral i.e., against HIV).
- Some herbs and nutritional supplements.

Other Toxins that can cause hepatitis:
- Amatoxin-containing mushrooms.
- White phosphorus, an industrial toxin and war chemical.
- Carbon tetrachloride.
- Cylindrospermopsin, a toxin from the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and other cyanobacteria.

Metabolic disorders can cause hepatitis:
- Hemochromatosis (due to iron accumulation).
- Wilson’s disease(copper accumulation) can cause liver inflammation.
- Necrosis.
- Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is effectively a consequence of metabolic syndrome.

The illness includes:
- a herpes infection of the mouth,
- diabetes,
- postnasal drip,
- tonsillitis,
- sinusitis,
- dental infection,
- strep throat,
- liver or kidney failure,
- a lung abscess.

Causes of Bad Breath
- Food, particularly those high in protein
- Not eating breakfast
- Smoking
- Antihistamines and other drugs or medications
- Sinus problems
- Mouth sores
- Tooth infections or gum disease (gingivitis)
- Stress
- Dehydration
- Significant talking
- Zinc deficiency
- Gastrointestinal disorders (indigestion or stomach problems)
- Serious illnesses such as cancer, tuberculosis, or syphillis

Home Remedies for Bad Breath
- Baking soda is a fantastic remedy for bad breath.
- It changes the pH (acidity) level in your mouth.
- This provides an environment that is not friendly odor-causing bacteria.
- Simply add some baking soda onto your toothbrush, brush with it, and then rinse with water.
- Another option is to purchase toothpastes that already contain a small amount of baking soda.
- It is also important to brush the top of your tongue with your toothbrush every morning.
- This helps dislodge many odorous particles that contribute to bad breath.
- Tea Tree Oil is a natural cure for bad breath when used as a toothpaste additive.
- Simply add a drop of the oil to your toothpaste right before you brush.
- You can also create a Tea Tree Oil mouthwash by adding 3 drops of the oil to a cup of warm water.
- Gargle this solution two to three times a day, preferably after each meal.
- Bad breath is often simply the result of a dry mouth.
- Simply eating a citrus fruit that is high in citric acid (such as an orange, lemon, or grapefruit) can help improve your breath significantly.
- The acid in such fruits stimulates the saliva, which helps suppress some of the odor-causing bacteria.
- The tangy taste of such fruits leaves the mouth smelling fresh.
- Try probiotics tablets .
- Daily consumption of unheated extra virgin olive oil has helped me against bad breath and smell from nose.

General Home Remedies
- Brush your teeth with baking soda or lemon juice (i prefer lemon juice).
- Brush your tongue.
- Gargle your mouth with salt water.
- Avoid cheese.
- Cheese forms a layer on the tongue and makes the breath smell.
- Gargle your mouth with water before every meal.
- Brush your teeth after every meal.
- The pieces of food you chew may get stuck on your teeth and so eliminate them by brushing.
- Go to visit a dentist if the smell is consistent and more.
- Avoid sweet foods and if eaten wash your mouth immediately so that they are not accumulated in the dentures.
- Try Listerine and other mouthwashes.
- One can also have cardamom seeds, cloves or a mouth freshner like betel nuts which freshens up the mouth and also improves digestion.