Posts Tagged ‘Uncontrolled’

Brain Tumor – Causes, Symptoms, Risk Factors and Types

Brain tumor is the name given to an abnormal mass of tissue in which some cells grow and multiply uncontrollably. Brain tumors quite often can be benign, in which case they do not spread to other areas of the brain and are likely to be removed successfully. Malignant tumors, however, tend to spread further, destroying healthy brain tissue and damaging other areas of the brain.
Brain tumors rarely spread to other parts of the body outside of the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord.

CAUSES & RISK FACTORS OF BRAIN TUMOR

- Radiation therapy to brain.
- Radiation exposure at head injuries.
- Family history of certain genetic disorders.

SYMPTOMS OF BRAIN TUMOR

- Headaches which can be severe in the morning.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Difficulty in thinking or speaking.
- Changes in the personality.
- Weakness
- Paralysis in one part or one side of the body.
- Loss of balance.
- Changes in vision.
- Confusion.
- Dizziness or disorientation.
- Memory loss.
- Eye abnormalities.
- Muscle weakness in face, arm or leg.
Brain tumor in children have symptoms like headaches, vomiting, loss of balance, vision problems, lack of coordination, fatigue, weakness, increase in size of head and behavioral changes. Pediatric brain tumors are not contagious. Their causes are unknown.

TYPES OF BRAIN TUMOR

Primary Brain Tumors
- Tumors originate in brain.
- Tumors do not spread to other parts of the body.
- The most common primary brain tumors are gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, vestibular schwannomas, primary CNS lymphomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (medulloblastomas).
- Gliomas includes astrocytoma which occur in cerebrum and in children, they occur in the brain stem, the cerebrum, and the cerebellum. Brain stem glioma originate in lowest part of brain. Ependymoma glioma arises from cells that line the ventricles or the central canal of the spinal cord. Oligodendroglioma, a rare tumor arises from cells that make the fatty substance that covers and protects nerves.

Secondary Brain Tumors
- The cells spread to the brain from another tumor in a process called metastasis. So, secondary brain tumor is also called metastasis tumor.
- It begins in other part of the body like lung, breast, and kidney as well as malignant melanoma, a skin cancer.
- Secondary tumors are more common than primary tumors.
- Metastatic brain tumors are often referred to as brain metastases or lesions.

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Urinary Incontinence – Causes, Risk factors and Types

Urinary incontinence is a condition in which there is an uncontrollable leakage of urine causing a social or hygienic problem. It is also known as overactive bladder. It can be caused by everyday habits, underlying medical conditions or physical problems.

Causes of Temporary Urinary Incontinence

- Alcohol
- Over-hydration
- Dehydration
- Caffeine
- Bladder Irritation
- Medications
Easily treatable medical conditions also may be responsible for urinary incontinence.
- Urinary tract infection.
- Constipation

Causes of persistent urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence can also be a persistent condition caused by underlying physical problems or changes, including:
- Pregnancy and childbirth
- Changes with ageing
- Hysterectomy
- Painful bladder syndrome
- Prostatitis
- Enlarged prostate
- Prostate Cancer
- Bladder cancer or bladder stones
- Neurological disorders
- Obstruction

Types of Urinary incontinence in men & women

- Stress incontinence: It does not mean emotional stress. It is the leakage of urine during exercise, coughing, sneezing, laughing, walking, lifting heavy objects such as lifting a bag of groceries, rising from a sitting to a standing position, or other body movements that put pressure on the bladder.
- Overflow Incontinence: It results when the bladder is allowed to become so full that it overflows. Urine stream is weak with a frequent or constant dribble.
- Urge Incontinence: In this type of incontinence, an overactive bladder contracts without you wanting it to do so. You may feel as if you can’t wait to reach a toilet. It is found in people suffering from diseases such as diabetes, stroke, dementia, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis.
- Total Incontinence: It occurs when there is a complete loss of bladder control, usually occurring after some form of surgery to the lower urinary tract.
- Functional incontinence: It occurs when a disability stops from reaching the toilet in time for urination even though the urinary tract functions normally.

Risk Factors of Urine Incontinence

- Women are more likely to develop stress incontinence easily than men.
- As you get older, the muscles in your bladder and urethra lose some of their strength.
- The pressure on the bladder is increased if you are overweight.
- A chronic cough associated with smoking can cause episodes of incontinence or aggravate incontinence that has other causes.