Posts Tagged ‘Urine’

How to handle some medical emergencies during health crisis?

Medical emergencies are not pre-planned. They occur all of a sudden. There is an emergency room available in all hospitals. What can be done to handle some medical emergencies that occur all of a sudden is described below:

- Asthma
When the symptoms of asthma like wheezing, chest tightness, coughing, breath shortness worsens until he / she is unable to speak more than four words, blueness around lips and reliever medication is ineffective, person should be admitted to the emergency room in which he would be put on a nebuliser in which oxygen is directly delivered to the lungs. Oxygen mask can also be used.

- Heart Attack
Symptoms of heart attack include pain across chest, arms, jaws or neck and it does not lessen with rest, nausea, vomiting, difficulty in breathing, rapid weak and irregular pulse. Move to an emergency room and on the way to hospital chew a 160mg aspirin to stop clumping of blood platelets. In an emergency room, ECG is done and blood studies are done. Intravenous nitroglycerine reduces heart’s oxygen need and improves coronary circulation. The chance of death is halved if you reach in first hour.

- Fractures
When a fracture is suspected, pain worsens with the movement, that particular area swells, a limb is crooked. Transport to an emergency room very carefully. In the emergency room, x-ray of the limb is done and broken bone ends are treated.To relieve pain, a muscle relaxant is given. The area is immobilized with plaster cast or splint.

- Internal Bleeding
Sometimes, there is internal bleeding after an injury. Symptoms are pale and clammy skin, rapid weak pulse, shallow and rugged breathing, fainting, swelling, pain and tenderness. While you are waiting for ambulance to go to an emergency room, raise the legs and cover with blanket and do not offer an food or water. In an emergency room, the person is diagnosed and then treated.

- Diabetes
Sometimes, the blood sugar falls below 50 because of delayed and missed meals, sudden vigorous activities, irregular medications. It results in blurred vision, numbness, paleness, headaches, unconsciousness, tingling in lips and and fingers. When a person is admitted to an emergency room, the IV fluids are administered.

- Poison
Induce vomiting if poison is not in the form of kerosene, gasoline, turpentine, cleaning fluid, insect sprays. In an emergency room, urine and blood tests are done to identify the poison and specific antidotes are suggested.

- Urinary Retention
Sometimes a person has a full bladder but they could not urinate. When you are admitted to an emergency room, a catheter is inserted to allow the person to empty the bladder.

- Heat Exhaustion
It can hit you in a hot, noisy, smoke filled disco or pub resulting in loss of electrolytes. In an emergency room, patient is pumped with IV fluids to revive the blood pressure.

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The Urinary and Respiratory System – what is it and why is it important for health ? – Part 3

The Urinary System

It works through the kidneys, filters wastes for the blood and excretes them from the body. There are some problems associated with the urinary system. These are:

- Kidney or bladder infection
If the person is experiencing dull pains in lower back and it gets worsen and sometimes accompanied by burning sensation when urinating along with chills and fever, then it could be a kidney or bladder infection. Have a urine test done and keep a watch for sometime and if still persists, seek a medical advice.

- Kidney stone
If a person is experiencing steady pain in one or both testicles spreading to lower back then it could be a kidney stone and an ultra sonography is done and is removed by lithotripsy. Keep a watch for sometime and if still persists, seek a medical advice.

- Bladder infection
If the person is experiencing ache or burning that occurs during intercourse or urination and is also accompanied by discharge and blood then it could be a bladder infection. Keep a watch for sometime and if still persists, seek a medical advice.

- Enlarged prostate
If a person is experiencing poor urine flow, frequent urge to go to toilet in night, feeling of full bladder, traces of blood in urine or semen then it could an enlarged prostate which is benign or prostate cancer which can be confirmed by PSA test or digital rectal exam. Medication or surgery is needed.

The Respiratory System

It allows the oxygen to be breathed in and carbon dioxide to be breathed out. There are some problems associated with the urinary system. These are:

- Asthma
If a person is experiencing wheezing, coughing, tightness in chest, breathlessness and it worsens in night, then it can be asthma in which there is swelling and narrowed in air pathways and proper medications, relievers and prev-enters can be used. Seek medical advice immediately.

- Lung cancer
If a person is experiencing persistent cough, coughing out Blood, breath shortness and difficulty in swallowing then it could be lung cancer which needs medical attention immediately.

- Tuberculosis (TB)
If a person is experiencing exhaustion, night sweats, appetite loss, mild fever, cough often with blood then it could be TB which can be treated with medication. Keep a watch for sometime and seek medical advice.

- Pleurisy
If a person is experiencing pain which worsens while you breathe then it could be pleurisy which is an inflammation of pleura or membrane covering the lungs. Antibiotics can treat this condition.

Start early to prevent prostate cancer… causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

A prostate is a walnut sized gland which is found in men only. It surrounds the tube which carries urine from the bladder to the penis. It is located in lower abdomen. It is a very common type of malignancy that is found in men.

The symptoms of prostate cancer are:
- difficulty in starting to urinate.
- frequent urination especially at night.
- pain while urinating.
- blood in urine.
- hip lower back pain.
- pain with ejaculation.
- pain in lower part of pelvis.
- weight loss.
- loss of appetite.

The cause of prostate cancer is not exactly known but there are some factors that increase the likelihood of developing prostate cancer. These factors include:
- A family history of prostate cancer in father or brother are at higher risk.
- Risk increases if several relatives are affected especially when they are young at time of diagnosis.
- High fat diet adds the risk of developing prostate cancer.
- A diet with high lycopenes and curcumin reduces the risk of developing prostate cancer.

Diagnosis of prostate cancer involves following steps:
- Physical examination reveals an in-duration of nodule of the prostate.
- PSA blood test detects prostate cancer of low volume and is a step in initial diagnosis of prostate cancer.
- True cut prostate biopsy after positive PSA test confirms prostate cancer.

Treating early stages of prostate cancer involves watchful waiting. To treat prostate cancer, options available are:
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Drug therapy
They can cause some side effects like impotence and incontinence but they tend to disappear after the treatment.

To prevent prostate cancer:
- Undergo examination and PSA test every 1-2 years interval.
- Limit animal fat consumption.
- Increase dietary consumption of lycopenes and curcumin rich food.